What is Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH)?
MIH is a dental condition affecting the first permanent molars (the first big back teeth that appear in a child’s mouth) and often the incisors (the front teeth). It causes these teeth to have enamel (the tooth’s outer layer) that is weaker than normal. This enamel doesn’t develop properly, which can make the teeth more susceptible to decay, sensitivity, and even breakage.
What causes MIH?
The exact cause of MIH is not fully understood, but the latest evidence shows there are strong genetic factors involved. Previous research shows alternative possible factors include:
- Early childhood illnesses, such as high fevers or respiratory conditions
- Preterm birth or birth complications
- Nutritional deficiencies
- Environmental factors
How is MIH identified?
MIH is often identified by the appearance of the enamel, which can look different from normal, healthy enamel. You might notice:
- White, yellow, or brown discolouration on the teeth
- Enamel that appears translucent
- Teeth that seem to chip or break easily
Dentists can usually spot these signs during a routine dental check-up.
What problems can MIH cause?
Teeth affected by MIH are more prone to:
- Dental decay, because the enamel is weaker and more porous
- Sensitivity, making it uncomfortable to consume hot, cold, or sweet foods and drinks
- Aesthetic concerns, due to discolouration and shape changes
How is MIH treated?
Treatment for MIH varies depending on the severity and symptoms. Options include:
- Application of fluoride varnish or other remineralising agents to help strengthen the enamel
- Placement of dental sealants to protect the surface from decay
- Using composite resins or crowns to cover affected teeth, improving strength and appearance
- In severe cases, extraction may be considered if the tooth is extensively damaged and causing significant problems
What can you do as a parent?
- Good Dental Hygiene: Encourage regular brushing with a fluoride toothpaste and flossing to protect your child’s teeth.
- Regular Dental Visits: Ensure your child visits the dentist regularly for check-ups. This allows early detection and management of MIH.
- Dietary Choices: Limit sugary snacks and acidic drinks, which can further damage weak enamel.
Support for Your Child
Understanding and managing MIH can be challenging, but with proper dental care and preventive measures, your child can maintain a healthy smile. If you have any concerns or notice any changes in your child’s teeth, please do not hesitate to contact our clinic. We are here to support your child’s dental health every step of the way!
